uses ShellApi;

procedure TForm1.Button1Click(Sender: TObject);
var
IconIndex: word;
h: hIcon;
begin
IconIndex := 0;
h := ExtractAssociatedIcon(hInstance,
'C:\WINDOWS\NOTEPAD.EXE', IconINdex);

DrawIcon(Form1.Canvas.Handle, 10, 10, h);
end;